Aphasia

Aphasia is a language disorder in where there is a problem with language modality which may lead to difficulty in expression both in verbal communication and in written. It all depends on the brain damage and specifically, the area of brain damage. A person with aphasia may be able to speak well but can’t write or he/she able to write but have problem with is/her speech. It can be associated with impairment of articulation or stammering or inability to deal effectively with or manipulate objects as a result of a brain lesion also called apraxic.

Aphasia can be diagnosed in many ways, starting with clinical assessment during hospitalization to session of tasks that look into vital language components and communication. Diagnosis of aphasia depends mostly, with patient  age, position and size of lesion, and the type of aphasia.

Aphasia can be classified using the following model:

·        Fluent, non-fluent and "pure" aphasias which include: Receptive aphasias: the patient has the problem with how receive words, sentences by hearing. Examples of receptive aphasias include conduction aphasia, and transcortcal aphasia. We have aphasias patient who are classified by what they can perform and can’t perform for example a patient who have can read but can’t write or can write and can’t read. Expressive aphasias the patient has difficult with his/her articulation but his hearing remain very good. Example include Global aphasia and Broca’s aphasia

·        Primary and secondary aphasia

·        Cognitive neuropsychological model

·        Acquired childhood aphasia

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS.

Aphasia patient mostly express the following signs and symptoms:

• Poor speech
• Difficult to form words
• Always repeating words
• confusing letters, syllables or words
• has problem to communicate grammatically correct
• problem with pronunciation
• excessive creation
• not able to repeat phrases
• Doesn’t use complete sentences
• Difficulty in reading 
• Difficulty in writing
• limited verbal output
• have problem with naming things